{"id":2020,"date":"2018-11-28T14:53:39","date_gmt":"2018-11-28T13:53:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/?p=2020"},"modified":"2024-02-05T10:15:46","modified_gmt":"2024-02-05T09:15:46","slug":"alzheimerova_choroba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/alzheimerova_choroba\/","title":{"rendered":"Alzheimerova choroba"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alzheimerova choroba je neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vede ke sta\u0159eck\u00e9 demenci. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku AD nen\u00ed zn\u00e1ma. U posti\u017een\u00fdch se v mozku tvo\u0159\u00ed a hromad\u00ed patologick\u00e9 proteiny (beta-amyloid a tau-protein), a to ve form\u011b vl\u00e1ken \u010di plak\u016f. Tyto zm\u011bny zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed rozpad okoln\u00edch nervov\u00fdch bun\u011bk a vl\u00e1ken. Bu\u0148ky n\u00e1sledn\u011b ztr\u00e1c\u00ed schopnost v\u00fdm\u011bny informac\u00ed, co\u017e vede k z\u00e1sadn\u00edmu naru\u0161en\u00ed mozkov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed a k demenci. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Nemoc se rozv\u00edj\u00ed pomalu a nen\u00e1padn\u011b. Prvotn\u00edmi znaky jsou ztr\u00e1ta kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e9 pam\u011bti, pot\u00ed\u017ee s \u0159e\u010d\u00ed, poruchy \u010dasov\u00e9 i prostorov\u00e9 orientace. V pokro\u010dil\u00e9m st\u00e1diu n\u00e1sleduje zm\u011bna chov\u00e1n\u00ed a osobnosti posti\u017een\u00e9ho, halucinace, bludy a pot\u00ed\u017ee s ch\u016fz\u00ed. Pacient nepozn\u00e1v\u00e1 ani s\u00e1m sebe a je odk\u00e1z\u00e1n na nep\u0159etr\u017eitou p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n<p>Diagn\u00f3za AD je u pacient\u016f stanovena zejm\u00e9na vylou\u010den\u00edm jin\u00fdch etiologi\u00ed demence. Podle \u010cesk\u00e9 neurologick\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti mus\u00ed b\u00fdt napln\u011bna krit\u00e9ria pro demenci a anamn\u00e9za ani somatick\u00e9 nebo zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed nesm\u011bj\u00ed sv\u011bd\u010dit pro jinou mo\u017enou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu demence, syst\u00e9movou poruchu nebo ab\u00fazus alkoholu \u010di n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tek.<\/p>\n<p>Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rizikov\u00fd faktor pro AD s pozdn\u00ed dobou n\u00e1stupu (nad 65 let) p\u0159edstavuje gen k\u00f3duj\u00edc\u00ed APOE. Tento protein je zapojen\u00fd do transportu a metabolizmu tuk\u016f a pod\u00edl\u00ed se na patologick\u00e9m ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed beta-amyloidu. Vyskytuje se ve t\u0159ech r\u016fzn\u00fdch struktur\u00e1ln\u00edch (genetick\u00fdch) form\u00e1ch (E2, E3, E4). APOE E4 v\u00fdrazn\u011b zvy\u0161uje riziko propuknut\u00ed AD. Naopak APOE E2 vykazuje protektivn\u00ed charakter, tzn. sni\u017euje riziko vzniku AD (APOE E3 je v populaci nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nep\u0159edstavuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 riziko).<\/p>\n<p>Vz\u00e1cnou d\u011bdi\u010dnou formu AD s \u010dasnou dobou n\u00e1stupu (pod 65 let) zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed mutace gen\u016f PSEN1 a PSEN2 k\u00f3duj\u00edc\u00edch tzv. preseneliny.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed podrobnosti naleznete na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <a href=\"http:\/\/www.qgen.cz\">www.qgen.cz<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Term\u00edn l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9ho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eete rezervovat <a href=\"http:\/\/extranet.mc-praha.cz\/\">zde.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed si m\u016f\u017eete objednat<a href=\"https:\/\/extranet.mc-praha.cz\/#\/laboratory\"> zde<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Alzheimerova choroba je neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vede ke sta\u0159eck\u00e9 demenci. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku AD nen\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"link","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"boldthemes_grid":false,"boldthemes_grid_11":false,"boldthemes_grid_22":false,"boldthemes_grid_21":false,"boldthemes_grid_12":false,"boldthemes_latest_posts":false,"boldthemes_grid_gallery":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Jbednar","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/author\/jbednar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"&nbsp; Alzheimerova choroba je neurodegenerativn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vede ke sta\u0159eck\u00e9 demenci. P\u0159\u00ed\u010dina vzniku AD nen\u00ed [&hellip;]","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2020"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4545,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2020\/revisions\/4545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}