{"id":3160,"date":"2019-09-09T07:35:05","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T05:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/?p=3160"},"modified":"2019-09-27T10:22:36","modified_gmt":"2019-09-27T08:22:36","slug":"vyskyt-dna-bakterii-rezistentnich-na-antibiotika-v-kanalizacich-a-vodach-londyna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/vyskyt-dna-bakterii-rezistentnich-na-antibiotika-v-kanalizacich-a-vodach-londyna\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdskyt DNA bakteri\u00ed rezistentn\u00edch na antibiotika v kanalizac\u00edch a vod\u00e1ch Lond\u00fdna"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ozna\u010den\u00ed antibiotik jako z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k se v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek let p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat, jeliko\u017e se objevuje v\u00edce bakteri\u00ed, kter\u00e9 jsou v\u016f\u010di nim rezistentn\u00ed. V sou\u010dasnosti jsme na pokraji n\u00e1vratu do \u00e9ry p\u0159ed objeven\u00edm antibiotik, proto\u017ee se objevilo v\u00edce zpr\u00e1v o takzvan\u00fdch „superbug“, \u010dili o bakteri\u00edch kter\u00e9 jsou rezistentn\u00ed dokonce i na nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed l\u00e9ky proti multirezistentn\u00edm kmen\u016fm bakteri\u00ed. Extenzivn\u011b rezistentn\u00ed kmeny Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em>\u00a0 (XDR-TB), meticilin rezistentn\u00ed Staphylococcus aureus<\/em> (MRSA), karbapenem rezistentn\u00ed enterobakterie (CRE) jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch kmen\u016f bakteri\u00ed rezistentn\u00edch na antibiotika.<\/p>\n

Hlavn\u00edm d\u016fvodem, rezistence je zneu\u017eit\u00ed a nekontrolovan\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed antibiotik. M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeno pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm antibiotik p\u0159i ch\u0159ipkov\u00e9 infekci, nedokon\u010den\u00edm antibiotick\u00e9 terapie a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm antibiotik u hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at bez regulace. Nedokon\u010den\u00edm antibiotick\u00e9 terapie, si p\u0159e\u017e\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed bakterie mohou vyvinou rezistenci k\u00a0dan\u00fdm antibiotik\u016fm na z\u00e1klad\u011b ur\u010dit\u00fdch zm\u011bn na genetick\u00e9 \u00farovn\u00ed.\u00a0 V\u011bdci z Lond\u00fdna ned\u00e1vno provedli n\u011bkolik test\u016f vody z\u00a0jezer Lond\u00fdna. Zjistili, \u017ee obsahuj\u00ed vysok\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed gen\u016f, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed bakteri\u00edm rezistenci proti antibiotik\u016fm. P\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed se zjistilo, \u017ee tyto geny jsou rezistentn\u00ed na nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed antibiotika – jako jsou penicilin, tetracyklin a erytromycin.<\/p>\n

\u201eToto zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na z hlediska vodn\u00edch \u00fatvar\u016f, do nich\u017e vypou\u0161t\u00edme vy\u010di\u0161t\u011bnou odpadn\u00ed vodu, kter\u00e1 v sou\u010dasnosti obsahuje antibiotika. Tak\u00e9 je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se pod\u00edvat na \u00farove\u0148 antibiotik a rezistentn\u00edch bakteri\u00ed v na\u0161ich zdroj\u00edch pitn\u00e9 vody, „uvedla Dr. Lena Ciric, kter\u00e1 je vedouc\u00ed projektu.<\/p>\n

Antibiotika se mohou dostat do kanaliza\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a hromadit se ve zdroj\u00edch sladk\u00e9 vody z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska tyto podm\u00ednky poskytuj\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro bakterie, kter\u00e9 se zde vyv\u00edjej\u00ed, mno\u017e\u00ed a st\u00e1vaj\u00ed se odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi v\u016f\u010di p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdm antibiotik\u016fm. Takov\u00fdm tempem budou bakterie odoln\u00e9 v\u016f\u010di\u00a0 nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdm postup\u016fm ne\u017e\u00a0 stihneme vyvinout \u010di nal\u00e9zt nov\u00e9 funk\u010dn\u00ed antibiotika, proto je t\u0159eba vyvinout nov\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby odstran\u011bn\u00ed antibiotik a bakteri\u00ed z vody, na kter\u00fdch v sou\u010dasnosti Dr. Ciric a jej\u00ed t\u00fdm pracuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Nast\u00e1v\u00e1 tedy ot\u00e1zka, kolik rezistentn\u00edch kmen\u016f bakteri\u00ed se vyskytuj\u00ed v na\u0161em rodn\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b?<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Like Xu et al. Use of synthesized double-stranded gene fragments as qPCR standards for the quantification of antibiotic resistance genes. Journal of Microbiological Methods, 2019; 164: 105670 DOI: 10.1016\/j.mimet.2019.105670<\/li>\n
  2. University College London. „Antibiotic-resistant genes found in London’s canals and ponds.“ ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 25 July 2019. <www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2019\/07\/190725193649.htm>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Ozna\u010den\u00ed antibiotik jako z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k se v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek let p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat, jeliko\u017e se […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"boldthemes_grid":false,"boldthemes_grid_11":false,"boldthemes_grid_22":false,"boldthemes_grid_21":false,"boldthemes_grid_12":false,"boldthemes_latest_posts":false,"boldthemes_grid_gallery":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Jbednar","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/author\/jbednar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Ozna\u010den\u00ed antibiotik jako z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fd l\u00e9k se v posledn\u00edch n\u011bkolika des\u00edtek let p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 pou\u017e\u00edvat, jeliko\u017e se […]","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3160"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3160"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3163,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3160\/revisions\/3163"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}