Souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a onemocn\u011bn\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je astma, rakovina plic, chronick\u00e9 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed plicn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed (COPD), \u00a0je docela dob\u0159e zn\u00e1ma z d\u016fvodu logick\u00e9mu propojen\u00ed kontaminace vzduchu s d\u00fdchac\u00edm syst\u00e9mem. D\u00fdch\u00e1me \u0161kodliv\u00e9 plyny z automobil\u016f, tov\u00e1ren atd. proto zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee. Souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a neplodnost\u00ed v\u0161ak nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mou skute\u010dnost\u00ed. Mnoz\u00ed z\u00a0n\u00e1s si nemysl\u00ed, \u017ee zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed m\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd vliv na reproduk\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Vztahy mohou b\u00fdt siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, i kdy\u017e nep\u0159\u00edmo, ne\u017e si mysl\u00edme.<\/p>\n
V posledn\u00edm desetilet\u00ed bylo provedeno mnoho studi\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se pokou\u0161eli odhalit souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a neplodnost\u00ed. Studie zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e9 na tuto problematiku v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z konce osmdes\u00e1t\u00fdch let, kter\u00e9 provedli Martin Bobak a David Leon. Bobak a Leon se pokusili zjistit, zda existuje n\u011bjak\u00fd vztah mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a potraty. Ve sv\u00e9 studii na\u0161li pozitivn\u00ed korelaci mezi molekulami zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed (oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd) a n\u00edzkou porodn\u00ed hmotnost\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm v\u00edce je zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd vzduch, t\u00edm vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed je pravd\u011bpodobnost podv\u00e1hy u d\u011bt\u00ed po porodu. Jejich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ak nebyla p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e1, zda zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ovzdu\u0161\u00ed nebo oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd je p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou \u017eensk\u00e9 neplodnosti. Ale to byl jen jeden kousek h\u00e1danky.<\/p>\n
Dejmek a jeho kolegov\u00e9, inspirovan\u00ed Bobakov\u00fdm a Leonov\u00fdm n\u00e1lezem, v roce 2000 provedli dal\u0161\u00ed studii, kde zaznamenali sn\u00ed\u017eenou porodnost v obdob\u00ed, kdy\u017e byli hladiny oxidu si\u0159i\u010dit\u00e9ho v Teplic\u00edch velmi vysok\u00e9. Tehdy bylo zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee Teplice byly d\u00edky pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 \u010dinnosti, jako je t\u011b\u017eba, jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00edce zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch okres\u016f v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice. Jejich studie zahrnovala 2 585 p\u00e1r\u016f a zjistila, \u017ee existuj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky oxidu si\u0159i\u010dit\u00e9ho nejen na \u017eenskou neplodnost, ale tak\u00e9 na mu\u017eskou neplodnost. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u016f\u017ee oxid si\u0159i\u010dit\u00fd ovlivnit nejen po\u010det\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 zr\u00e1n\u00ed spermi\u00ed. Dejmek a jeho kolegov\u00e9 v\u0161ak st\u00e1le nemohou vylou\u010dit roli jin\u00fdch typ\u016f l\u00e1tek zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch ovzdu\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsobuj\u00edce neplodnost.<\/p>\n
Co v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b v\u00edme o vztahu mezi neplodnost\u00ed a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Ned\u00e1vno profesor Antonio La Marca z univerzity v Moden\u011b a Reggio Emilia provedl studii na v\u00edce ne\u017e 1300 italsk\u00fdch \u017een\u00e1ch. Ve sv\u00e9 studii se pokusili odhalit vliv l\u00e1tek zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed na neplodnost \u017een a to m\u011b\u0159en\u00edm Antimullerovsk\u00e9ho hormonu, kter\u00fd je markerem pro rezervu vaj\u00ed\u010dek (po\u010det vaj\u00ed\u010dek dostupn\u00fdch ve vaje\u010dn\u00edku). B\u011bhem \u017eivota vznikne ve vaje\u010dn\u00edc\u00edch 1 a\u017e 2 miliony vaj\u00ed\u010dek, p\u0159ed pubertou jich ale v\u011bt\u0161ina zanikne.\u00a0 Se stoupaj\u00edc\u00edm v\u011bkem se v\u0161ak sni\u017euje kvalita uvol\u0148ovan\u00fdch vaj\u00ed\u010dek i jejich po\u010det. Dal\u0161\u00edmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi faktory, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed vaj\u00ed\u010dek, jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad kou\u0159en\u00ed, \u017eivotn\u00ed styl, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed antikoncepce atd. Ve sv\u00e9 studii profesor La Marca a jeho kolega do\u0161li k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee \u017eeny \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v oblastech s vysokou hladinou zne\u010di\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edch l\u00e1tek v ovzdu\u0161\u00ed, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b oxidem dus\u00edku, mohou m\u00edt sn\u00ed\u017eenou ovari\u00e1ln\u00ed rezervu a\u017e o t\u0159i kr\u00e1t. Tento vztah d\u00e1le posiluje mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00edm a neplodnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n
Zdroj:<\/p>\n
Bobak, M., & Leon, D. A. (1999). Pregnancy outcomes and outdoor air pollution: an ecological study in districts of the Czech Republic 1986-8. Occupational and environmental medicine, 56(8), 539\u2013543. doi:10.1136\/oem.56.8.539<\/p>\n
Dejmek, J., Jel\u00ednek, R., Solansky‘, I., Benes, I., & Sr\u00e1m, R. J. (2000). Fecundability and parental exposure to ambient sulfur dioxide. Environmental health perspectives, 108(7), 647\u2013654. doi:10.1289\/ehp.00108647<\/p>\n
Conforti A., Mascia M., Cioffi G., De Angelis C., Coppola G., De Rosa P., Pivonello R., Alviggi C., De Placido G. (2018) Air pollution and female fertility: a systematic review of literature. Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology, 16(1): 117. doi: 10.1186\/s12958-018-0433-z<\/p>\n
European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology. (2019, June 25). Air pollution found to affect marker of female fertility in real-life study: Decline in ovarian reserve related to particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide in atmosphere. ScienceDaily. Retrieved September 24, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2019\/06\/190625181939.htm<\/p>\n
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Souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a onemocn\u011bn\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je astma, rakovina plic, chronick\u00e9 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"boldthemes_grid":false,"boldthemes_grid_11":false,"boldthemes_grid_22":false,"boldthemes_grid_21":false,"boldthemes_grid_12":false,"boldthemes_latest_posts":false,"boldthemes_grid_gallery":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Jbednar","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/author\/jbednar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Souvislost mezi zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm ovzdu\u0161\u00ed a onemocn\u011bn\u00edm d\u00fdchac\u00edch cest, jako je astma, rakovina plic, chronick\u00e9 obstruk\u010dn\u00ed […]","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3225"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3225"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3225\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3228,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3225\/revisions\/3228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3225"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3225"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3225"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}