{"id":4230,"date":"2022-07-25T12:08:25","date_gmt":"2022-07-25T10:08:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/?p=4230"},"modified":"2022-08-02T11:04:45","modified_gmt":"2022-08-02T09:04:45","slug":"v-nizozemsku-byla-objevena-vice-virulentni-a-skodlivejsi-varianta-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/v-nizozemsku-byla-objevena-vice-virulentni-a-skodlivejsi-varianta-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"V Nizozemsku byla objevena v\u00edce virulentn\u00ed a \u0161kodliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <\/br>varianta HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Pandemie koronaviru uk\u00e1zala, jak\u00e9 dopady mohou m\u00edt nov\u00e9 mutace ve virov\u00fdch genetick\u00fdch sekvenc\u00edch na p\u0159enositelnost viru a na \u0161kody, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuje. Po mnoho let panovaly obavy z mutac\u00ed i u viru HIV-1, kter\u00fd doposud celosv\u011btov\u011b zas\u00e1hl 38 milion\u016f lid\u00ed a zp\u016fsobil 33 milion\u016f \u00famrt\u00ed. Tyto obavy se bohu\u017eel naplnily objevem nov\u00e9ho vysoce virulentn\u00edho kmene HIV ozna\u010den\u00e9ho jako varianta VB (virulentn\u00ed subtyp B) v\u00a0Nizozemsku. Na v\u00fdzkumu se pod\u00edleli v\u011bdci z Big Data institutu Oxfordsk\u00e9 univerzity ve spolupr\u00e1ci s nizozemskou monitorovac\u00ed nadac\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159enou na HIV.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Varianta VB byla poprv\u00e9 identifikov\u00e1na u 17 HIV pozitivn\u00edch jedinc\u016f v\u00a0r\u00e1mci studie, kter\u00e1 sb\u00edr\u00e1 vzorky nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d Evropou a v\u00a0Ugand\u011b. Proto\u017ee patn\u00e1ct z\u00a0t\u011bchto osob poch\u00e1zelo z\u00a0Nizozemska, v\u011bdci analyzovali data z kohorty v\u00edce ne\u017e 6 700 HIV pozitivn\u00edch zde \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch pacient\u016f a objevili tuto variantu u dal\u0161\u00edch 92 pacient\u016f ze v\u0161ech region\u016f Nizozemska.<br \/>\nGenetick\u00e1 anal\u00fdza vzork\u016f nazna\u010dila, \u017ee prvn\u00ed VB varianta vznikla v 80.\u201390. letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed v Nizozemsku. Mezi lety 2000\u20132010 se \u0161\u00ed\u0159ila rychleji ne\u017e jin\u00e9 varianty HIV. V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee varianta VB vznikla navzdory roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010db\u011b v Nizozemsku, nikoli v\u00a0jej\u00edm d\u016fsledku, proto\u017ee \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 l\u00e9\u010dba p\u0159enosu zabra\u0148uje.<br \/>\nP\u0159ed antiretrovirovou l\u00e9\u010dbou jedinci infikovan\u00ed novou VB variantou (virulentn\u00ed subtyp B) vykazuj\u00ed v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 rozd\u00edly ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s infikovan\u00fdmi jin\u00fdmi variantami HIV. Jedinci s variantou VB maj\u00ed 3,5\u20135,5\u00d7 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed virovou z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e, vykazuj\u00ed 2\u00d7 rychlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fabytek bun\u011bk CD4 (charakteristick\u00fd znak po\u0161kozen\u00ed imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu virem HIV), nav\u00edc je tato varianta viru naka\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a tak\u00e9 \u0161kodliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m.<br \/>\nP\u0159i zah\u00e1jen\u00ed v\u010dasn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby v\u0161ak maj\u00ed jedinci s variantou VB srovnatelnou \u0161anci na obnovu imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed jako pacienti s jin\u00fdmi variantami HIV. V\u0161e z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na v\u010dasnosti diagn\u00f3zy a zah\u00e1jen\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dby, minimalizaci \u010dasu, po kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee virus po\u0161kozovat imunitn\u00ed syst\u00e9m. Co nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed potla\u010den\u00ed viru tak\u00e9 zabra\u0148uje jeho p\u0159enosu na dal\u0161\u00ed jedince. Proto je v\u00edce ne\u017e d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se osoby s rizikem n\u00e1kazy HIV nech\u00e1valy pravideln\u011b testovat.<br \/>\nV\u00a0Medic\u00ednsk\u00e9m centru Praha prov\u00e1d\u00edme l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed pohlavn\u011b p\u0159enosn\u00fdch nemoc\u00ed. V\u0161em pacient\u016fm garantujeme individu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup a diskr\u00e9tnost. Mo\u017enost\u00ed je absolvovat konzultaci s\u00a0na\u0161im venerologick\u00fdm l\u00e9ka\u0159em, \u010di pouze laboratorn\u00ed vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.\u00a0V\u00edce informac\u00ed naleznete na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch\u00a0www.venerologie.cz.<\/p>\n<p>Ing. V\u00edt Smejkal<\/p>\n<p>21.7.2022<\/p>\n<p>Wymant Ch, Bezemer D, Blanquart F, et al. (2022): A highly virulent variant of HIV-1 circulating in the Netherlands. Science, 375 (6580). doi: 10.1126\/science.abk1688<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pandemie koronaviru uk\u00e1zala, jak\u00e9 dopady mohou m\u00edt nov\u00e9 mutace ve virov\u00fdch genetick\u00fdch sekvenc\u00edch na p\u0159enositelnost [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"boldthemes_grid":false,"boldthemes_grid_11":false,"boldthemes_grid_22":false,"boldthemes_grid_21":false,"boldthemes_grid_12":false,"boldthemes_latest_posts":false,"boldthemes_grid_gallery":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Jbednar","author_link":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/author\/jbednar\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Pandemie koronaviru uk\u00e1zala, jak\u00e9 dopady mohou m\u00edt nov\u00e9 mutace ve virov\u00fdch genetick\u00fdch sekvenc\u00edch na p\u0159enositelnost [&hellip;]","post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4230"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4230"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4240,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4230\/revisions\/4240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mc-praha.cz\/mcp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}